Çok Katlı Konut Binalarında Çekirdekli Sistemlerin İncelenmesi ve Uygulama Örnekleri

İnsanoğlunun üretmesi ve keşfetmesiyle beraber, teknolojik anlamda ilerlemesi her geçen zaman diliminde kalabalıklaşması çok katlı binaların ortaya çıkmasında önemli olmuştur. Bu gelişmelerle yatayda yapılan konut binaları yetersiz kalmış, kullanıcıların ihtiyacına cevap verememiştir. Diğer bir tabirle arz - talep dengesini sağlayamamıştır. Çok katlı konut binalarının dönemi de bu şekilde başlamıştır. Sanayi devrimi geleneksel yapım, tekniklerinin gelişmesi ve malzemelerinin yerine kullanılmaya başlanan dökme demir binaların geleceğine yön vermiştir. Demir strüktürlü binalar, 1850 yılı sonrasında büyük ölçüde gelişime sahiptir. 19. yy. ın son çeyreğinde ise çeliğin kullanımının artmasıyla beraber çok katlı binalar yeni bir ivme kazandı. İlk örnekleri Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde görülen çok katlı bina örnekleri zaman içerisinde bütün dünyaya yayılım göstermiştir. Günümüzün vazgeçilmez bir parçası haline gelen çok katlı yapıların tasarımında taşıyıcı sistemin etkisi mühim bir yer kaplamaktadır. Bu tezde taşıyıcı sistem çeşitleri örneklerle beraber incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın ana başlığını oluşturan, taşıyıcı sistemin önemli bir elemanı olan çekirdek sistemini konut yapılarında taşıyıcı ve fonksiyonel olarak ele almak amaçlanmıştır. Çok katlı konut binalarındaki çekirdek sistemler detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Çok katlı konut binalarındaki çekirdek sistemlerinin yakın zamanda var olan uygulamalarıyla da örneklendirmek hedeflenmiştir. Birinci kısımda yeni bir yaşam biçimini ortaya çıkaran çok katlı konut binaları ve çekirdek hakkında ön bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Yüzeysel olarak çekirdeğin tanımı ve içeriğinden bahsedilmiştir. Tezin amaç, kapsam ve yöntemine dair bilgiler yer almaktadır. İkinci kısımda ise çok katlı konut binalarının terminolojisi, tanımı ve tarihsel gelişimleriyle beraber insanlar üzerindeki sosyal, ekonomik ve psikolojik etkileriyle birlikte kronolojik şekilde anlatılmıştır. Üçüncü kısımda ise çok katlı konut binalarında kullanılan taşıyıcı sistemlerin zaman içerisinde gösterdiği değişim ve gelişim hakkında bilgiler detaylı bir şekilde örnekler ile verilmiştir. Dördüncü kısımda ise tezin ana konusunu oluşturan çok katlı konut binalarındaki çekirdek sistemlerin tanımı, yeri, biçimi, özellikleri, sayısı, bina ile olan ilişkisi ve geometrisi bütün yönleriyle daha da anlaşılır olabilmesi için örneklerle incelenmiştir. xxv Çalışmanın beşinci bölümünde dünya üzerinde farklı bölgelerde yapılmış olan sekiz adet çok katlı konut binası örnek olarak verilmiştir. Seçilen binaların ikisi Tayland’ dan, bir adet Avustralya, bir adet Tayvan, bir adet İngiltere, bir adet Brezilya, bir adet İsveç ve bir adedi de İsrail’ den seçilmiştir. Seçilen binaların tümü konut olarak kullanılmaktadır. Binaların en yükseği, 160 metre yüksekliğiyle Treasure Garden binasıdır. Binaların en kısa olanı, 85 metreyle Forma Itaim binasıdır. Çalışmanın son kısmında ise sonuç bölümü yer almaktadır. Elde edilen veriler dahilinde bölümlerin değerlendirmeleri yapılmıştır.Manufacture and exploration of human beings, technological progress in each period of time to become crowded in the emergence of multi - storey buildings has been important. With these developments, the residential buildings in the flat remained inadequate and could not meet the needs of the users. In other words, supply - demand balance could not be achieved. This is the period of the multi - storey residential buildings. The industrial revolution has guided the future of the traditional construction, the development of techniques and the use of cast iron buildings that have been used in place of their materials. Iron-structured buildings, after 1850, greatly improved. 19th century In the last quarter of the year, with the increase in the use of steel multi-storey buildings gained a new momentum. The first examples of the multi-storey building examples seen in the United States have spread all over the world over time. In the design of multi - storey buildings which have become an indispensable part of our day, the effect of the carrier system takes an important place. In this thesis, types of carrier systems are examined together with examples. The core of this study, the core system, which is an important element of the carrier system is intended to handle the functional and functional structure of residential buildings. The core systems in multi - storey residential buildings are examined in detail. It is also aimed to exemplify the core systems of multi - storey residential buildings with their recent applications. In the first part, preliminary information is given about multi-storey residential buildings and cores which reveal a new life style. The definition and content of the nucleus are superficially mentioned. Information on the purpose, scope and method of the thesis is given. In the second part, the terminology, definition and historical development of multistorey residential buildings are explained chronologically together with their social, economic and psychological effects on people. In the third part, information about the change and development of the carrier systems used in multi-storey residential buildings are given in detail with examples. In the fourth part, the definition, location, form, number, structure, relationship and geometry of the core systems in the multi-storey residential buildings, which constitute the main subject of the thesis, are examined with examples to make them more understandable in all aspects. xxvii In the fifth part of the study, eight multi-storey residential buildings in different regions of the world have been given as examples. Two of the selected buildings were selected from Thailand, one from Australia, one from Taiwan, one from England, one from Brazil, one from Sweden and one from Israel. All selected buildings are used as dwellings. The highest building is the Treasure Garden building with a height of 160 meters. The shortest of the buildings is the Forma Itaim building at 85 meters. In the last part of the study, the conclusion section is included. The evaluations of the departments were made within the data obtained

Inconsistency between ANB Angle and Wits Appraisal in the Turkish Population

Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the cephalometric parameters that impair the consistency between the Wits and ANB measurements, which are used in the determination of anteroposterior jaw relationships by logistic regression analysis in the Turkish population.Methods:This retrospective study was conducted on 207 lateral cephalometric radiographs of 100 females (mean age: 15.5±1.09 years; age range: 14.2–17.3 years) and 107 males (mean age: 15.1±0.93 years; age range: 14.1–16.9 years) obtained from the archives of the orthodontic department. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were divided into two groups according to the presence of inconsistency between the ANB angle and Wits appraisal. The cephalometric parameters that cause the inconsistency were determined using a logistic regression method with the creation of three different regression models.Results:We found posterior rotation of the mandible (SN-MP⁰) (OR=1.09; p=0.029) as an independent predictor of the inconsistency in Model 1. In Model 2, SN-MP⁰ (OR=1.11; p=0.016) was also found to be effective on the development of the inconsistency. In Model 3, inclination of the occlusal plane (OP-SN⁰) (OR=1.07, p=0.02) was the independent predictor of the inconsistency.Conclusion:An increase in SN-MP⁰ and OP-SN⁰ are effective in the development of inconsistency between the ANB and Wits appraisals in the Turkish population

Current Trends in Cleft Lip and Palate Publications During the Last 10 Years: A Bibliometric Analysis

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the apparent trends in cleft lip and palate (CLP) studies published over the last 10 years, and assesses the effectiveness of the studies. Materials and Methods: The SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) data were utilized to select the journals with a high SJR indicator in each of the orthodontics, pedodontics, general dentistry, speech therapy, clinical genetics, pediatrics, plastic esthetic and reconstructive surgery and oral surgery areas. CLP-related studies were identified in the databases accessed through Web of Science owned by Clarivate Analytics. The articles were assessed in terms of year of publication, journal title, specialty, article subject matter, affiliations of the authors, citation relationships and countries/regions of origin. A total of 2,696 CLP-related articles published over the last 10 years were identified based on our search criteria. Results: The analysis revealed that the most prominent keywords were “palatoplasty”, “alveolar bone grafting”, “distraction osteogenesis” and “orthognathic surgery” among the treatment procedures. The most common WoS categories among the articles were dentistry, oral surgery & medicine, and surgery. The most cited publications over the last decade have included such terms as “environmental risk factor”, “GRHL3”, “FGFR2”, “loci”, “candidate gene” and “BMP”. Conclusion: Recent CLP articles in the literature have focused mainly on treatment procedures, with the most-cited articles generally containing evaluations of the relationship between CLP and genetics. More recent methods have been discussed in only a limited number of studies

Secondary bacterial infection rates among patients with COVID-19

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the factors and rates of secondary bacterial infections developed in patients after the diagnosis of COVID-19 and antimicrobial susceptibility to guide the empirical treatment and contribute to epidemiological data. Materials and Methods In our study, 1,055 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, hospitalized at Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Training and Research Hospital, Rize, between the dates March 24, 2020 and December 31, 2020, were recruited. The diagnoses of all patients were confirmed by positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. In addition, the blood and respiratory tract cultures of the patients recruited in the study were analyzed retrospectively. Results Ninety-two (8.7%) patients were found to have microbiologically proven respiratory or circulatory tract infections via microbial culture results. Respiratory tract infections were detected as monomicrobial in 44 patients and as polymicrobial in 17 patients, among a total of 61 patients. In addition, 59 (64.1%) patients were male patients, and 33 (35.9%) were female patients. Among the microorganisms grown in blood cultures, coagulase-negative staphylococci with a percentage of 31% and Acinetobacter baumannii with a percentage of 27.5% were prominent. In respiratory tract cultures, A. baumannii constitutes the majority with a percentage of 33.3%, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae with a percentage of 9.5% each. The most resistant bacteria were A. baumannii, resistant to all antibiotics other than colistin. Conclusion Secondary bacterial infection rates in patients with COVID-19 are lower than influenza pandemic. However, the frequency of empirical antibiotics use seems relatively high

PD-L1 expression in immune cells is a favorable prognostic factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Background: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been determined as a reliable prognostic factor for various malignancies. In this study, we aimed to determine the prognostic effect of PD-L1 expression in tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.Methods: Seventy patients diagnosed with non-metastatic NPC were included in the study. PD-L1 expression on immune cells was analyzed by immunohistochemical method. Patients were categorized into two groups according to the PD-L1 expression level in TIICs (level of PD-L1 staining ≥5% positive vs <5% negative).Results: Median follow-up period was 34 months (range = 1 - 188). 1 and 2 years survival rate were found as 75% and 63% in PD-L1 negative TIICs group (47%), and 85% and 83% in PD-L1 positive TIICs group (53%), respectively. PD-L1 positivity in immune cells (ICs) was detected in 53% of the patients. The survival rate was found better in the PD- L1 positive group compared to the negative group (P = 0.049).Discussion: In conclusion, the survival rate was found significantly better in the PD-L1 positive TIICs group, compared to the negative group

Impact of varicocele repair on semen parameters in infertile men: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose: Despite the significant role of varicocele in the pathogenesis of male infertility, the impact of varicocele repair (VR) on conventional semen parameters remains controversial. Only a few systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) have evaluated the impact of VR on sperm concentration, total motility, and progressive motility, mostly using a before-after analytic approach. No SRMA to date has evaluated the change in conventional semen parameters after VR compared to untreated controls. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of VR on conventional semen parameters in infertile patients with clinical varicocele compared to untreated controls. Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed using Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases following the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome (PICOS) model (Population: infertile patients with clinical varicocele; Intervention: VR [any technique]; Comparison: infertile patients with clinical varicocele that were untreated; Outcome: sperm concentration, sperm total count, progressive sperm motility, total sperm motility, sperm morphology, and semen volume; Study type: randomized controlled trials and observational studies). Results: A total of 1,632 abstracts were initially assessed for eligibility. Sixteen studies were finally included with a total of 2,420 infertile men with clinical varicocele (1,424 patients treated with VR vs. 996 untreated controls). The analysis showed significantly improved post-operative semen parameters in patients compared to controls with regards to sperm concentration (standardized mean difference [SMD] 1.739; 95% CI 1.129 to 2.349; p<0.001; I2=97.6%), total sperm count (SMD 1.894; 95% CI 0.566 to 3.222; p<0.05; I2=97.8%), progressive sperm motility (SMD 3.301; 95% CI 2.164 to 4.437; p<0.01; I2=98.5%), total sperm motility (SMD 0.887; 95% CI 0.036 to 1.738; p=0.04; I2=97.3%) and normal sperm morphology (SMD 1.673; 95% CI 0.876 to 2.470; p<0.05; I2=98.5%). All the outcomes showed a high inter-study heterogeneity, but the sensitivity analysis showed that no study was sensitive enough to change these results. Publication bias was present only in the analysis of the sperm concentration and progressive motility. No significant difference was found for the semen volume (SMD 0.313; 95% CI -0.242 to 0.868; I2=89.7%). Conclusions: This study provides a high level of evidence in favor of a positive effect of VR to improve conventional semen parameters in infertile men with clinical varicocele. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first SRMA to compare changes in conventional semen parameters after VR with changes in parameters of a control group over the same period. This is in contrast to other SRMAs which have compared semen parameters before and after VR, without reference to a control group. Our findings strengthen the available evidence and have a potential to upgrade professional societies’ practice recommendations favoring VR to improve conventional semen parameters in infertile men

Impact of Varicocele Repair on Semen Parameters in Infertile Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Purpose:Despite the significant role of varicocele in the pathogenesis of male infertility, the impact of varicocele repair (VR) on conventional semen parameters remains controversial. Only a few systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) have evaluated the impact of VR on sperm concentration, total motility, and progressive motility, mostly using a before-after analytic approach. No SRMA to date has evaluated the change in conventional semen parameters after VR compared to untreated controls. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of VR on conventional semen parameters in infertile patients with clinical varicocele compared to untreated controls.Materials and Methods:A literature search was performed using Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases following the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome (PICOS) model (Population: infertile patients with clinical varicocele; Intervention: VR [any technique]; Comparison: infertile patients with clinical varicocele that were untreated; Outcome: sperm concentration, sperm total count, progressive sperm motility, total sperm motility, sperm morphology, and semen volume; Study type: randomized controlled trials and observational studies).Results:A total of 1,632 abstracts were initially assessed for eligibility. Sixteen studies were finally included with a total of 2,420 infertile men with clinical varicocele (1,424 patients treated with VR vs. 996 untreated controls). The analysis showed significantly improved post-operative semen parameters in patients compared to controls with regards to sperm concentration (standardized mean difference [SMD] 1.739; 95% CI 1.129 to 2.349; pConclusions:This study provides a high level of evidence in favor of a positive effect of VR to improve conventional semen parameters in infertile men with clinical varicocele. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first SRMA to compare changes in conventional semen parameters after VR with changes in parameters of a control group over the same period. This is in contrast to other SRMAs which have compared semen parameters before and after VR, without reference to a control group. Our findings strengthen the available evidence and have a potential to upgrade professional societies' practice recommendations favoring VR to improve conventional semen parameters in infertile men.</p

The frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease in children with isolated transaminase elevation: results from the observational VICTORIA study

IntroductionElevated transaminases and/or creatine phosphokinase can indicate underlying muscle disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) in male children and Pompe disease (PD) in male and female children with isolated hypertransaminasemia.MethodsThis multi-center, prospective study enrolled patients aged 3–216 months with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels &gt;2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) for ≥3 months. Patients with a known history of liver or muscle disease or physical examination findings suggestive of liver disease were excluded. Patients were screened for creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and molecular genetic tests for DMD/BMD in male patients and enzyme analysis for PD in male and female patients with elevated CPK levels were performed. Genetic analyses confirmed PD. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed.ResultsOverall, 589 patients [66.8% male, mean age of 63.4 months (standard deviation: 60.5)] were included. In total, 251 patients (188 male and 63 female) had CPK levels above the ULN. Of the patients assessed, 47% (85/182) of male patients were diagnosed with DMD/BMD and 1% (3/228) of male and female patients were diagnosed with PD. The median ALT, AST, and CPK levels were statistically significantly higher, and the questioned neurological symptoms and previously unnoticed examination findings were more common in DMD/BMD patients than those without DMD/BMD or PD (p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionQuestioning neurological symptoms, conducting a complete physical examination, and testing for CPK levels in patients with isolated hypertransaminasemia will prevent costly and time-consuming investigations for liver diseases and will lead to the diagnosis of occult neuromuscular diseases. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT04120168

Ceza hukukunda haksız tahrik

GENEL BİLGİLERİsim ve Soyadı: Gökhan Yaşar DURANAnabilim Dalı: Hukuk Programı: Kamu HukukuTez Danışmanı: Prof. Dr. Nur CENTELTez Türü ve Tarihi: Doktora-Şubat 2005Anahtar Kelimeler: Haksız Tahrik, Kusur, Hiddet, İradeÖZETCEZA HUKUKUNDA HAKSIZ TAHRİKCeza hukuku, ilkel dönemin netice sorumluluğuna dayanan sert ve ağır cezalandırma sistemlerinden, kusur sorumluluğu ilkesine dayanan daha yumuşak ve insancıl cezalandırma yöntemlerine doğru bir gelişim göstermiştir. Günümüzde modern ceza hukukunda cezalandırmada benimsenen ölçü failin kusuru ölçüsünde cezalandırılmasıdır. Bu gelişimin bir sonucu olarak, kanun koyucu bazı koşullarla ceza sorumluluğunda failin kusurluluğunu azaltan indirim kurumları benimsemiştir. Bugün haksız tahrik, uygulamada en çok karşılaşılan indirim kurumlardan biri olarak ceza hukukunda yerini almıştır.Haksız tahrik etkisi altında suç işleyen failin iradesi öfke ve şiddetli elem nedeniyle zayıflamıştır. Bu şartlar içinde suç işleyen faille, normal ya da soğukkanlılıkla suç işleyen faillerin aynı kusurluluk ölçüsünde ceza sorumluluğuna sahip olması beklenemez. Bu durumda failin cezasında haksız tahrik nedeniyle yapılacak indirim cezanın amacıyla bağdaşacak adil bir çözüm olacaktır. Günümüz Ceza yasaları bu gerçeklerden hareketle failin psikolojik durumu ile onu bu duruma sürükleyen mağdurun kusurunu dikkate alarak, yasal ve şahsi bir indirim nedeni olan haksız tahrik kurumunu kabul etmiştir. Çağdaş ceza hukukunda vazgeçilmez bir indirim nedeni olan haksız tahrik, TCK sisteminde de benimsenerek, TCK.'nun "cezaya ehliyet ve bunu kaldıran veya hafifleten sebepler" başlıklı 4. bap, 51. maddesinde de genel hafifletici bir indirim nedeni olarak üç fıkra halinde düzenlenmiş, bazı ceza kanunu düzenlemelerinin aksine suç ve kişi bakımından herhangi bir sınırlama kabul edilmemiştir. Haksız tahrikin aslında ceza hukuku içinde geniş bir kapsam ve uygulama alanında etkileri görülebilen ve birçok kavramla yakından ilişkili olan bir konu olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Özellikle psikolojik bir olgu olarak failin değerlendirilmesi bakımından bu kavramın ceza hukuku ile yakından ilgili olan adli psikiyatri, kriminoloji, psikoloji gibi yakın bilim dalları içindeki pek çok konuda da değişik yönlere sahip olduğu görülür. Buna karşılık ceza hukuku literatürü incelendiğinde bu kadar geniş kapsamlı bir kavram üzerinde ayrıntılı bir inceleme yapılmamıştır.Türk hukuk sistemi ve Karşılaştırmalı hukuktaki gelişmeler gözönüne alınarak; haksız tahrik kavramı, haksız tahrikin koşulları, psikolojik ve hukuki esasları, ceza hukukundaki diğer kurumlarla olan ilişkileri bir bütün halinde değerlendirilmiş, TCK.'ndaki haksız tahrik sistemine yeni görüş ve öneriler getirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Halen yürürlükte 765 sayılı TCK. hükümlerine göre hazırlanan tez içinde bahsi geçen tüm kavram ve konular, 01.04.2005 tarihinde yürürlüğe girecek olan 5237 sayılı yeni TCK.'nda kabul edilen yeni hükümler ile bir karşılaştırılarak yürürlükteki hükümler ile arasındaki farklar saptanmış, böylece tezin yakın bir zamanda yürürlüğe girecek olan yeni hükümler karşısında güncelliği sağlanmıştır.Bu amaçlarla hazırlanan Tez çalışması dört bölümden oluşmaktadır:Birinci bölümde, haksız tahrik kavramı, türleri ve düzenlenişi, tarihi gelişimi, Karşılaştırmalı hukuk ve Türk ceza hukukunda haksız tahrik konuları incelenmiştir. İkinci bölümde, haksız tahrikin psikolojik ve hukuki esası ve suça etkisi ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde, haksız tahrikin koşulları ve çeşitleri incelenmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde, haksız tahrikin diğer ceza hukuku kavramları ve suçlarla ilişkileri ve ayrı bir başlıkta özel haksız tahrik halleri ile ilişkileri incelenerek son olarak haksız tahrikte cezanın indirilmesi konusuyla tezimiz sonuçlandırılmıştır. Yine çalışma içerisinde, öğretideki görüşler ve Yüksek Mahkeme kararları ile birlikte konular irdelenerek yeri geldikçe kanaatimiz açıklanmıştır.GENEL BİLGİLERName and Surname: Gökhan Yaşar DURANField: Law Programme: Civil LawSupervisor: Professor Nur CENTELDegree Awarded and Date: Doctorate-February 2005Keywords: Unfair Provocation, Fault, Anger, Will- Power ABSTRACTUNFAIR PROVOCATION IN CRIMINAL LAWCriminal law has matured from rigid and severe punishment systems based on result responsibility, to mild and humane punishment systems based on fault responsibility. In today's mondern criminal law, the accepted criterion is punishment of the perpetrator proportional to his/her fault. As a result of this development, law enactor has accepted some reduction in punishment in faultiness of the perpetrator. Today, unfair provaction has taken part as one of the most confronted punishment reduction in criminal law.Under unfair provocation the perpetrator's power of will gets weakened because of anger and violent grief. It can't be expected that a perpetrator who commited a crime under these circumstances should be punished in the same faultiness rate of a normal or calm perpetrator. In this condition, a reduction in the punishment of a perpetrator under unfair provocation would be a fair solution that suits with the purpose of the punishment. This reality lets today's criminal laws accept the unfair provocation as a legal and personal reduction in punishment, regarding physicological state of the perpetrator and provocative faultiness of the mistreated.The institution of unfair provocation, indispensable extenuating cause of contemporary law, adopted as a general e,tenuaitng cause in the Turkish criminal law system under the title of penal qualification and circumstances for e,tenuating or removing this qualification at the Division 4, Article 5 with three paragraphs, is not considenedr as a restriction towards crime or individual in constrast to some other criminal law regulations.It's understood that the impacts of unfair provocation has a wide scope and application area related with a lot of concepts. Especially unfair provocation is a physcological fact in the evaluation of the perpetrator is a part of the criminal law which is closely related with the sciences physcology, forensic medecine and crimniology. In contradiction to this, when the criminal law literature is investigated, on such a wide concept only a few detailed study can be found.In regarding the developments in the Turkish Law System and the comperative law, new opinions and suggestions on the concept of unfair provocation, the conditions of unfair provocation, its physcological and law principles, its relations with the other institutions of the criminal law and the unfair provocation system in the Turkish Criminal Code are presented.All the concepts and subjects prepared in this thesis are in respect of the valid Turkish Criminal Code nr.765 are compared with the new Turkish Criminal Code nr.5237, which will be valid as of 01.04.2005, the differences are determined and actuality of the thesis according to the new law is kept.This thesis which is prepared with these objectives, consist of four sections: In the first section, the concept of unfair provocation, its varieties, arrangements, historical development, the subjects in the comparative law and Turkish Criminal Law are covered. In the second section, the physicological and legal bases and its effect on the crime are studied in detail. In the third section, the conditions and varieties of unfair provocation is covered. In the fourth section, the relations of unfair provocation with the other criminal law concepts and crimes, specific unfair provocation cases, and finally reduction of punishment by unfair provocation are studied and the thesis is concluded. And in the study, the opinions in the doctrine and the Supreme Court verdicts are examined, and our opinions are stated when necessary